American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) has released a comprehensive report assessing the potential of advanced nuclear technology for the maritime industry, specifically examining how a small modular reactor could transform a standard liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier. This report represents another pivotal move by ABS to address the challenges of adopting nuclear propulsion in commercial shipping.
The study, developed in collaboration with Herbert Engineering Corporation (HEC), examines the potential of integrating a high-temperature, gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) within a 145,000m³ LNG carrier. By exploring the HTGR’s influence on vessel design, operation, and emissions, ABS aims to equip the maritime industry with a deeper understanding of nuclear propulsion’s feasibility, safety implications, and technical requirements.
HTGR Integration: Enhanced Design and Operational Capabilities
The study provides detailed insights into the logistical and structural changes required for a nuclear-powered LNG carrier. Key findings emphasize the reactor’s placement at the rear of the vessel, replacing traditional fuel tanks with forward-positioned batteries and enhanced hull reinforcement to accommodate the reactor’s specific demands. Additionally, ABS and HEC’s research highlights the HTGR’s ability to deliver high transit speeds and zero-emission operations, underscoring the environmental and operational advantages of nuclear propulsion.
ABS has recognized several design factors critical to nuclear propulsion, including heat and energy management, weight distribution, shielding, and unique structural modifications. These insights are essential for developing future guidelines and rules that ensure nuclear technology’s safe and efficient integration into the shipping industry. Moreover, unlike traditional fuel systems, HTGR technology eliminates the need for refueling, requiring only a reactor replacement every six years—another significant advantage for reducing operational downtime.
Nuclear Technology’s Path to Maritime Application
Patrick Ryan, ABS Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer, commented on the potential of this technology “While this technology is well understood on land, adapting it for marine application is in its infancy. However, this study and the other research we have carried out clearly highlight its significant potential to address not only shipping’s emissions challenge but to deliver a range of other operational advantages to the industry. ABS is committed to helping the industry evaluate its suitability for use in a range of use cases, and LNG carriers is just one of a range of potential applications we are exploring.”
ABS’s report indicates that HTGR technology would likely be best suited for larger LNG carriers, due to the specific space and weight requirements associated with nuclear reactors. By reimagining vessel layout and ensuring sufficient structural reinforcement, ABS and HEC have shown that nuclear propulsion could become a viable alternative for high-capacity vessels.
Leading the Charge: ABS’s Broader Initiatives in Maritime Nuclear Technology
The report is part of a broader series of ABS initiatives to advance nuclear technology’s maritime application. Earlier this month, ABS introduced the first set of comprehensive rules for floating nuclear power plants during a forum co-hosted with Idaho National Laboratory (INL). This event, held at ABS’s headquarters in Texas, brought together leaders in nuclear technology to discuss reactor innovations and share research findings.
Additionally, ABS’s recent collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) further demonstrates the organization’s commitment to advancing nuclear propulsion in commercial vessels. Through a DOE-backed research contract, ABS will identify and address key challenges to integrating advanced nuclear systems within the maritime industry.
For those interested in a more in-depth understanding, ABS has made its “Pathways to a Low Carbon Future” study on LNG carrier nuclear ship concept design available at ABS website, alongside its requirements for nuclear power systems for marine and offshore applications.
This study and related reports mark a significant stride in ABS’s ongoing effort to pioneer sustainable, low-carbon solutions for the maritime sector. With its rigorous research and strategic partnerships, ABS continues to lead the exploration of nuclear technology as a feasible, long-term solution to meet the industry’s evolving emission goals.
About American Bureau of Shipping – ABS
ABS is a not-for-profit marine classification, standards, and research organization designated by U.S. law. Its primary mission is to enhance the security of life, property, and the natural environment. As a leading global provider of classification and technical advisory services for the marine and offshore industries, ABS is dedicated to setting high standards for safety and excellence in design and construction.
The organization emphasizes the safe and practical application of advanced technologies and maritime digital solutions, working collaboratively with industry and clients to ensure compliance, optimize performance, and enhance operational efficiency for marine and offshore assets. ABS is recognized as a leader in maritime sustainability, focusing on energy transition, decarbonization, pollution reduction, ballast water management, and aquatic nuisance species management, among other critical issues.
Source American Bureau of Shipping